Waste Reduction and VAT: A Complex Interplay

Journal
European Union
International VAT Monitor 2025 (Volume 36), No. 1
The European Union’s push for waste reduction highlights a complex interplay between sustainability and VAT rules. In this column, the author analyses the ECJ case in Y KG, which reveals how rigid VAT regulations, such as the classification of free transfers of heat as taxable deemed supplies, can discourage environmentally friendly practices, emphasizing the need for VAT frameworks that align with circular economy goals.